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Amsterdam School of Communication Research / ASCoR ASCoR

Dr C. (Carolin) Ischen

Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences
CW : Persuasive Communication
Area of expertise: Human-Machine Communication, Persuasive Communication, Conversational agents/chatbots/virtual assistants, Emerging media technologie
Photographer: Auke Hamers
Visiting address
  • Nieuwe Achtergracht 166
  • Room number: C9.10
Postal address
  • Postbus 15791
    1001 NG Amsterdam
Contact details
  • Profile

    I am an Assistant Professor in Persuasive Communication at the Amsterdam School of Communication Research (University of Amsterdam). My research interests lie primarily in human-machine communication. In particular, I focus on emerging media technologies such as conversational agents. I am interested in how the characteristics of non-human communication partners influence human interactions with them, as well as the persuasive consequences of these interactions (over time).

    Expertise and research fields

    • Human-Machine Communication
    • Persuasive Communication
    • Conversational agents/chatbots/virtual assistants
    • Emerging media technologies

    Administrative role

    Member of the promotion committee

  • Research

    Research methods

    • Experimental research
    • Survey research
    • Longitudinal designs 

    Current research projects 

    Perceptions of conversational agents as communication partners

  • Teaching & PhD supervision
    • Graduation Project (Persuasive Communication, Communication in the digital society)
    • Persuasive Communication (DCW3)
    • Research Methods tailored to the thesis (RMTT Experiment)
    • Master thesis supervision
  • Publications

    2025

    • Pralat, N., Ischen, C., & Voorveld, H. A. M. (2025). Feeling Understood by AI: How Empathy Shapes Trust and Influences Patronage Intentions in Conversational AI. In Chatbots and Human-Centered AI: 8th International Workshop, CONVERSATIONS 2024 Thessaloniki, Greece, December 4–5, 2024 Revised Selected Papers (pp. 234-259). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Vol. 15545). Springer.

    2024

    • Balaji, D., de Bruijn, G.-J., Bosse, T., Ischen, C., van der Goot, M., & Wiers, R. (2024). Designing a couples-based conversational agent to promote safe sex in new, young couples: A user-centred design approach. In Proceedings of the 6th Conference on ACM Conversational User Interfaces (CUI 2024) Article 4 The Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3640794.3665556 [details]
    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2024). Persuasion at first sight? Testing the reciprocal relationship of repeated interactions With virtual assistants, trust, and persuasion. International Journal of Communication : IJoC, 18, 4859-4882. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/22573 [details]
    • Ischen, C., Butler, J., & Ohme, J. (2024). Chatting about the unaccepted: Self-disclosure of unaccepted news exposure behaviour to a chatbot. Behavior and Information Technology, 43(10), 2044–2056. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2023.2237605 [details]
    • Peter, J., Araujo, T., Ischen, C., Shaikh, S. J., van der Goot, M. J., & van Straten, C. L. (2024). Human–machine communication. In A. Theo, & P. Neijens (Eds.), Communication Research into the Digital Society: Fundamental Insights from the Amsterdam School of Communication Research (pp. 205-220). Amsterdam University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.11895525.15 [details]
    • Voorveld, H. A. M., Panteli, A., Schirris, Y., Ischen, C., Kanoulas, E., & Lentz, T. (2024). Examining the persuasiveness of text and voice agents: prosody aligned with information structure increases human-likeness, perceived personalisation and brand attitude. Behaviour and Information Technology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2420871

    2023

    2022

    • Greussing, E., Gaiser, F., Klein, S. H., Straßmann, C., Ischen, C., Eimler, S., Freemann, K., Gieselmann, M., Knorr, C., Lermann Henestrosa, A., Räder, A., & Utz, S. (2022). Researching interactions between humans and machines: methodological challenges. Publizistik, 67(4), 531–554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11616-022-00759-3 [details]
    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2022). Is voice really persuasive? The influence of modality in virtual assistant interactions and two alternative explanations. Internet Research, 32(7), 402-425. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-03-2022-0160 [details]
    • Ischen, C., Meijers, M. H. C., Vandeberg, L., & Smit, E. G. (2022). Seen as green? Assessing the salience and greenness of environmentally friendly packaging cues. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 28(1), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2022.2038757 [details]

    2021

    • Følstad, A., Araujo, T., Law, E. L.-C., Brandtzaeg, P. B., Papadopoulos, S., Reis, L., Baez, M., Laban, G., McAllister, P., Ischen, C., Wald, R., Catania, F., von Wolff, R. M., Hobert, S., & Luger, E. (2021). Future directions for chatbot research: an interdisciplinary research agenda. Computing, 103(12), 2915-2942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-021-01016-7 [details]

    2020

    2024

    • Liebrecht, C., van Hooijdonk, C., Ischen, C., & van Pinxteren, M. (2024). Conversational AI: gebruikersperspectief op merkcommunicatie met conversational agents. (SWOCC; Vol. 90). Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Commerciële Communicatie, SWOCC. https://www.swocc.nl/publicatie/conversational-ai/ [details]

    2023

    • Ischen, C., Smit, E. G., & Wang, E. (2023). Assessing human-likeness perceptions: Measurement scales of conversational agents. Paper presented at CONVERSATIONS, Oslo, Norway.
    • Ischen, C., Smit, E. G., & Wang, E. (2023). Human-likeness perceptions of conversational agents in brand communication. Abstract from ICORIA 2023, Bordeaux, France.
    • Voorveld, H. A. M., Pantelli, A., Schirris, Y., Ischen, C., Kanoulas, E., & Lentz, T. (2023). Investigating the Persuasiveness of Conversational Text and Voice Agents: The Role of Prosody.. Abstract from ICORIA 2023, Bordeaux, France.

    2022

    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2022). Do virtual assistants become persuasive over time? Testing the reciprocal relationship of repeated interactions with a virtual assistant, trust, and persuasion. Abstract from the 72nd annual conference of the International Communication Association (ICA), 26-30 May 2022, Paris, France.

    2021

    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2021). Do virtual assistants become persuasive over time? Testing the reciprocal relationship of repeated interactions with a virtual assistant, trust, and persuasion. Abstract from ICORIA 2021.
    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2021). Is voice really persuasive? The influence of modality in virtual assistant interactions and two alternative explanations. Abstract from Presentation at the 71st annual conference of the International Communication Association (ICA), 27-31 May 2021, Virtual Conference..
    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2021). The persuasiveness of voice in virtual assistant interactions. Abstract from Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap.
    • Ischen, C., Butler, J., & Ohme, J. (2021). Self-disclosure of unaccepted news exposure to a chatbot. Abstract from Presentation at the 71st annual conference of the International Communication Association (ICA), 27-31 May 2021, Virtual Conference..

    2020

    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2020). The role of anthropomorphism and privacy concerns in chatbot interactions. Paper presented at Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap 2020.
    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., Voorveld, H. A. M., van Noort, G., & Smit, E. G. (2020). Voice that tries to persuade. The influence of modality in digital assistant interactions. Abstract from AIRSI 2020, Huesca, Spain.

    2019

    • Ischen, C., Araujo, T. B., van Noort, G., Voorveld, H. A. M., & Smit, E. G. (2019). How important is agency? The persuasive consequences of interacting with a chatbot as a new entity. Paper presented at Human-Machine Communication Pre-Conference of the International Communication Association (ICA), Washington, D.C., United States.
    • Ischen, C., Meijers, M. H. C., & Smit, E. G. (2019). Seen as green? A multi-method investigation of green packaging material and green labeling on consumers’ perceived salience and greenness. Paper presented at Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap, Nijmegen.
    • Ischen, C., Meijers, M. H. C., & Smit, E. G. (2019). Seen as green? A multi-method investigation of green packaging material and green labeling on consumers’ perceived salience and greenness. Poster session presented at International Communication Association (ICA), Washington, District of Columbia, United States.

    2018

    • Goldberg, A. C., & Ischen, C. (2018). Be there or be square – The impact of participation and performance in TV debates and corresponding media coverage on voting behaviour. Paper presented at EPSA Annual Conference, Vienna, Austria.
    • Goldberg, A. C., & Ischen, C. (2018). Be there or be square – The impact of participation and performance in the Dutch TV debates and its coverage on voting behaviour. Paper presented at Etmaal van de Communicatiewetenschap, Ghent, Belgium.

    Media appearance

    2022

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